What is a Hypothesis?
A hypothesis is a proposed explanation or prediction about a phenomenon, based on existing knowledge, that can be tested through experimentation or observation. It serves as a starting point for scientific investigation.
Characteristics of a Hypothesis
- Testable: It must be possible to test the hypothesis through experiments or observations.
- Specific: It should clearly define the variables and expected outcomes.
- Falsifiable: There should be a possibility to prove it wrong.
- Predictive: It provides a basis for predicting what will happen in an experiment.
Types of Hypotheses
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Null Hypothesis (H₀): Suggests that there is no effect or relationship between variables.
Example: "Fertilizer has no effect on plant growth." -
Alternative Hypothesis (H₁): Proposes a specific effect or relationship between variables.
Example: "Fertilizer increases plant growth."
Example of a Hypothesis
Scenario: You notice that plants in sunlight grow faster than plants in shade.
Hypothesis:
"Plants exposed to sunlight grow taller than plants kept in shade due to increased photosynthesis."
Testing the Hypothesis:
- Place one group of plants in sunlight and another group in shade.
- Measure the growth over time and compare results.
If the plants in sunlight grow significantly taller, the hypothesis is supported. Otherwise, it may need to be revised or rejected.
In summary,
A hypothesis is a foundational element of scientific inquiry, guiding the investigation process and helping researchers explore and understand phenomena.
✍👉 Prosperous team
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