The Central Processing Unit (CPU), often called the "brain" of the computer, is the primary component responsible for processing instructions and executing tasks. It interprets and performs basic operations such as arithmetic, logic, control, and input/output instructions as directed by software programs.
Key Functions of the CPU:
- Processing Instructions: Executes commands from software and hardware.
- Performing Calculations: Handles arithmetic and logic operations.
- Data Management: Transfers data between memory, storage, and other components.
Components of the CPU:
- Control Unit (CU): Directs the flow of data and instructions.
- Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU): Performs mathematical and logical operations.
- Registers: Small, high-speed storage locations within the CPU for temporary data.
The CPU is typically a small, square chip located on the computer's motherboard. Its speed and efficiency are measured in terms of clock speed (GHz) and the number of cores (single-core, dual-core, quad-core, etc.)
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