1.3k) How do you measure the volume of an irregular solid? Explain with suitable diagrams.

 Measuring the Volume of an Irregular Solid:

The volume of an irregular solid can be measured using the water displacement method:

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Steps:

1. Fill a Graduated Cylinder:

   • Add water to a measuring cylinder and record the initial volume ($V_1$).

2. Immerse the Solid:

   • Carefully place the irregular solid into the water. Ensure it is fully submerged.

3. Measure the Final Volume:

   • Record the new volume of water ($V_2$).

4. Calculate the Volume of the Solid:

   • The volume of the solid is: $$\text{Volume of solid} = V_2 - V_1$$

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Diagram (Schematic):

Before:                   After:
 _______                 _______
|       |               |       |
|       |               |       |
|_______|               |  •••  |
|_______| Water level    |_______| New water level

The "Before" cylinder shows the initial water level, and the "After" cylinder shows the displaced water level after the solid is added.

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This method works because the irregular solid displaces a volume of water equal to its own volume.